The whole notion of experimental music is a little wonky, much like the notion of politicians "experimenting" with drugs. As one comedian noted, "What are they, setting up test tubes and beakers before they smoke a little weed?" And a lot of music, to one extent or another, is built around chance and the notion that you can never enter the same stream twice; improvised solos live and die in an instant on the stage and technical difficulties have led to plenty of unamplified audience sing-alongs more inspiring than a performance that went according to the letter would have been.
But composers like John Cage actively used chance operations based on the throw of the dice, the
I Ching, or other sources of indeterminate outcomes in composing their scores. The performances based on these scores are often as random in outcome as the scores themselves. Cage's (and experimental music's) most famous piece,
4'33", is often misunderstood as being four minutes and thirty-three seconds of silence, but in fact, it's more a frame through which to hear the world. By indicating the beginning of a performance and its conclusion four and a half minutes later, Cage made the environment the piece is performed in the music.
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